In Catalonia, a 7,5 milions habitants community, we have had historically lot of low level troubles between Spanish and Catalan speakers. The same in Galicia and Basc country. In Switzerland, same between German and French speakers. The linguistic conflict is worst in Belgium: if someone uses French to a Flemish person, he might be offended and in a same opposite way as well. In Quebec, the French speakers community are in conflict against rest of Canadian English speakers, reaching the extreme to rename some well known franchises as “Poulet Frit Kentucky”.
From a more global point of view, Occidental English-speaking countries may have continuosly conflicts with Oriental Chinese speakers and Arabian powers. In India they have hundreds of languages: Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Chhattisgarhi, Dogri, Garo, Gujarati, Standard Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Khasi, Kokborok, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Mizo, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santali, Sindhi, Telugu, Tamil, Urdu.
Approximately between 3.000 and 6.000 languages are spoken by humans nowadays. The population of the world reached 1.000 million in 1804, 5.000 milion in 1987 and 7.000 milion by late 2011. By 2045-2050, the world's population is currently projected to reach ranging from 7400 till 10.600 million. Roughly one different language each million habitants. How can we deal it in future? When the more languages, the more misunderstandings between cultures and the more wars. If we cannot try to homogenize the minium way of communication, we are lost.
Rank Countries Population:
language (in millions)
1. Chinese, Mandarin Brunei, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Philippines, Singapore, S. Africa, Taiwan, Thailand 1120
3. Spanish Algeria, Andorra, Argentina, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Rep., Ecuador, El Salvador, Eq. Guinea, Guatemala, Honduras, Ivory Coast, Madagascar, Mali, Mexico, Morocco, Nicaragua, Niger, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Spain, Togo, Tunisia, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela. 332
4. Arabic Egypt, Sudan, ALgeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Lybia, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Jordan, Yemen, UAE, Oman, Iraq, Lebanon 235
5. Bengali Bangladesh, India, Singapore 189
6. Hindi India, Nepal, Singapore, S. Africa, Uganda 182
7. Russian Belarus, China, Estonia, Georgia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Mongolia, Russia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, U.S., Uzbekistan 180
8. Portuguese Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, France, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Portugal, São Tomé and Príncipe 170
9. Japanese Japan, Singapore, Taiwan 125
10. German Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Czech Rep., Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Paraguay, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Switzerland 98
11. Chinese, Wu China 77.2
12. Javanese Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore 75.5
13. Korean China, Japan, N. Korea, S. Korea, Singapore, Thailand 75
14. French Algeria, Andorra, Belgium, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, France, Gabon, Guinea, Haiti, Ivory Coast, Laos, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Monaco, Morocco, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Switzerland, Togo, Tunisia, Vanuatu, Vietnam 72
15. Turkish Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Macedonia, Romania, Turkey, Uzbekistan 69
16. Vietnamese China, Vietnam 67.7
17. Telugu India, Singapore 66.4
18. Chinese, Yue(Cantonese) Brunei, China, Costa Rica, Indonesia, Malaysia, Panama, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam 66
20. Tamil India, Malaysia, Mauritius, Singapore, S. Africa, Sri Lanka 63.1
22. Urdu Afghanistan, India, Mauritius, Pakistan, S. Africa, Thailand 58
24. Chinese, Jinyu China 45
26. Polish Czech Rep., Germany, Israel, Poland, Romania, Slovakia 44
27. Ukrainian Poland, Slovakia, Ukraine 41
28. Persian Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Oman, Qatar, Tajikistan, U A Emirates 37.3
29. Chinese, Xiang China 36
30. Malayalam India, Singapore 34
31. Chinese, Hakka Brunei, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Panama, Singapore, Suriname, Taiwan, Thailand 34
33. Oriya India 31
34. Panjabi, Western India, Pakistan 30
35. Sunda Indonesia 27
36. Panjabi, Eastern India, Kenya, Singapore 26
37. Romanian Hungary, Israel, Moldova, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, Ukraine 26
38. Bhojpuri India, Mauritius, Nepal 25
39. Azerbaijani, South Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey 24.4
40. Maithili India, Nepal 24.3
42. Burmese Bangladesh, Myanmar 22
43. Serbo-Croatian4 Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia 21
44. Chinese, Gan China 20.6
45. Awadhi India, Nepal 20.5
46. Thai Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia 20
47. Dutch Belgium, France, Netherlands, Suriname 20
48. Yoruba Benin, Nigeria 20
49. Sindhi Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Singapore 19.7
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We have promoted the common coin in Europe, as a key of economic stability after two World Wars. But now we need to do the next step to reach worldwide stability: the common language. Nowadays people consider English that one. But that language is seen by Arabic and Asian powers like a language imposed by the USA capitalist and occidental power. It has been imposed without agreement with the other non Judeo-Christian cultures, such Muslims, Japanish, Chinese, etc.
The human being survival, progress and future as a global community presents a resemblance to the Babel Tower. That was an enormous tower built in the plain of Shinar. A united humanity of the generations following the Great Flood, speaking a single language and migrating from the east, came to the land of Shinar, where they resolved to build a city with a tower "with its top in the heavens...lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the Earth."
God came down to see what they did and said: "They are one people and have one language, and nothing will be withholden from them which they purpose to do." So God said, "Come, let us go down and confound their speech." And so God scattered them upon the face of the Earth, and confused their languages, and they left off building the city, which was called Babel "because God there confounded the language of all the Earth."(Genesis 11:5-8).
Everyone believes his own culture, customs and languages are the best and those that shall be promoted in their lands ignoring the rest. The concept of local culture is useful, since without tradition the humanity is less than nothing. The culture certainly differenciate us from the animals, and it shall be preserved through the millenniums. But we need a few things in common to can live together without conflicts: common economy and common communication. The rest could be local. With common economy countries learn to work together to develop the society. With common language, Esperanto, different cultures learn to live together avoiding the war and its causes: the misunderstandings. In fact, all humans wants the same, since it obeys genetically causes, but don’t know how to explain. These little misunderstandings at long term become resentment, and finnaly, wars.
QUICK HISTORY OF ESPERANT
Esperanto was created in the late 1870s and is the most widely spoken constructed international auxiliary language. Its name derives from Doktoro Esperanto (Dr. Hopeful), the pseudonym under which L. L. Zamenhof published the first book detailing Esperanto, the Unua Libro, on 1887 in Bialystok, polish city then belonging to tzar empire. Zamenhof's was and old oculist jewish Russian-speaking. His goal was to create an easy-to-learn and politically neutral language that would serve as a universal second language to foster peace and international understanding.
According to Zamenhof, he created this language to foster harmony between people from different countries. His feelings and the situation in Bialystok, that may be compared with the eternal tribal fake struggles between Catalan and Spanish speakings in Catalonia, may be gleaned from an extract from his famous letter to Nikolai Borovko:
“The place where I was born and spent my childhood gave direction to all my future struggles. In Bialystok the inhabitants were divided into four distinct elements: Russians, Poles, Germans and Jews; each of these spoke their own language and looked on all the others as enemies. In such a town a sensitive nature feels more acutely than elsewhere the misery caused by language division and sees at every step that the diversity of languages is the first, or at least the most influential, basis for the separation of the human family into groups of enemies.
I was brought up as an idealist; I was taught that all people were brothers, while outside in the street at every step I felt that there were no people, only Russians, Poles, Germans, Jews and so on. This was always a great torment to my infant mind, although many people may smile at such an 'anguish for the world' in a child. Since at that time I thought that 'grown-ups' were omnipotent, so I often said to myself that when I grew up I would certainly destroy this evil.”
—L. L. Zamenhof, in a letter to N. Borovko, ca. 1895
This languague and their linked culture (that some people does not recognize) are neithter a sect nor belonging to any a politic party. They have headquarters in Rotterdam and publish and annuary. There are as muslim esperantists as catholics, atheists, mormons. Whereas in terms of politics are communists, scientists, capitalists, etc. That is a current real bridge across cultures and ideologies within Esperant culture, nothing yet achieved by any State. Hence that shall be empowered from bottom to up, from citizens till states.
That language is a cultural creation and artificial. Unlike rest of languages, esperant is very easy and regular, due to his well channeled origin. Most of their words are common to some European languages. It was impossible and unfeasible to get words from all worldwide languages. The esperanto shall be the language of the globalization, for this reason, nationalist dictatorships like Hitler or Stalin considered it extremely dangerous and removed from society. In Spain, after the Spanish Civil War, Franco persecuted the Anarchists among which Esperanto was extended, but in the 1950s, the Esperanto movement was tolerated again.
CURRENT USAGE
Nowadays has been counted 142.857 esperantists worldwide. Esperanto is the only constructed language with native speakers, that is, people who learned it from their parents as one of their native languages. Estimates range from 10,000 to two million additional active or fluent speakers. Assuming that this figure is accurate, that means that about 0.03% of the world's population speaks the language. This is not Zamenhof's goal of a universal language, but it represents a level of popularity unmatched by any other constructed language. There are computer keyboard layouts that support the Esperanto alphabet. Usage is particularly high in eastern and northern Europe, eastern Asia, Brazil, and Iran.
Although no country has adopted it officially, Esperanto was recommended by the French Academy of Sciences in 1921, was recognized by UNESCO in 1954, and is currently the language of instruction of a university in San Marino. There is evidence that learning Esperanto may provide a superior foundation for learning languages in general, and some primary schools teach it as preparation for learning other foreign languages. Every year, 1,500–3,000 Esperanto speakers meet for the World Congress of Esperanto (Universala Kongreso de Esperanto).
Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran called on Muslims to learn Esperanto and praised its use as a medium for better understanding among peoples of different religious backgrounds. After he suggested that Esperanto replace English as an international lingua franca, it began to be used in the seminaries of Qom. An Esperanto translation of the Qur'an was published by the state shortly thereafter.
Esperanto has been placed in many proposed political situations. The most popular of these is the Europe – Democracy – Esperanto, which aims to establish Esperanto as the official language of the European Union. The Irish political party Éirígí has recently adopted the green star as its emblem partly in support of Esperanto as an international language instead of English.
Two Roman Catholic popes, John Paul II and Benedict XVI, have regularly used Esperanto in their multilingual urbi et orbi blessings at Easter and Christmas each year since Easter 1994.
There are over 25,000 Esperanto books, both originals and translations, as well as several regularly distributed Esperanto magazines. Some of the best-known authors of works in Esperanto are: William Auld, Julio Baghy, Kazimierz Bein (Kabe), Marjorie Boulton, Jorge Camacho, Fernando de Diego, Fidel Figueroa Martínez, Kálmán Kalocsay, Li Shijun, Miyamoto Masao, Abel Montagut, Nemere István, Claude Piron, Leo Tolstoy, Edmond Privat, Reto Rossetti, Raymond Schwartz, Spomenka Štimec, Tivadar Soros, Gaston Waringhien,L. L. Zamenhof.
The number of speakers grew rapidly over the next few decades, at first primarily in the Russian Empire and Eastern Europe, then in Western Europe, the Americas, China, and Japan. In the early years, speakers of Esperanto kept in contact primarily through correspondence and periodicals, but in 1905 the first world congress of Esperanto speakers was held in Boulogne-sur-Mer, France. Since then world congresses have been held in different countries every year, except during the two World Wars. Since the Second World War, they have been attended by an average of over 2,000 and up to 6,000 people.
Finnish linguist Jouko Lindstedt, an expert on native-born Esperanto speakers, presented the following scheme to show the overall proportions of language capabilities within the Esperanto community:
• 1,000 have Esperanto as their native language.
• 10,000 speak it fluently.
• 100,000 can use it actively.
• 1,000,000 understand a large amount passively.
• 10,000,000 have studied it to some extent at some time.
Ethnologue relates estimates that there are 200 to 2000 native Esperanto speakers (denaskuloj), who have learned the language from birth from their Esperanto-speaking parents. This usually happens when Esperanto is the chief or only common language in an international family, but sometimes occurs in a family of devoted Esperantists. The most famous native speaker of Esperanto is businessman George Soros. Teodoro Schwartz, his father, was an Esperantist.
UNDERSTANDING THE ESPERANTO
The phonology, grammar, vocabulary, and semantics are based on the western Indo-European languages. The phonemic inventory is essentially Slavic, as is much of the semantics, while the vocabulary derives primarily from the Romance languages, with a lesser contribution from the Germanic languages. Pragmatics and other aspects of the language not specified by Zamenhof's original documents were influenced by the native languages of early speakers, primarily Russian, Polish, German, and French.
Typologically, Esperanto has prepositions and a free pragmatic word order that by default is subject-verb-object. Adjectives can be freely placed before or after the nouns they modify, though placing them before the noun is more common. New words are formed through extensive prefixing and suffixing. Esperanto is written with a modified version of the Latin 28-letter alphabet, including six letters with diacritics. All letters are easy to pronounce.
Esperanto has 23 consonants, 5 vowels, and 2 semivowels that combine with the vowels to form 6 diphthongs. Tone is not used to distinguish meanings of words. Stress is always on the penultimate vowel in fully Esperanto words unless a final vowel o is elided, which occurs mostly in poetry. Word order is comparatively free. Adjectives may precede or follow nouns; subjects, verbs and objects may occur in any order except in copular phrases.
The core vocabulary of Esperanto was defined by Lingvo internacia, published by Zamenhof in 1887. This book listed 900 roots; these could be expanded into tens of thousands of words using prefixes, suffixes, and compounding. In 1894, Zamenhof published the first Esperanto dictionary, Universala Vortaro, which had a larger set of roots. The rules of the language allowed speakers to borrow new roots as needed; it was recommended, however, that speakers use most international forms and then derive related meanings from these.
Zamenhof's intention was to create an easy-to-learn language to foster international understanding. It was to serve as an international auxiliary language, that is, as a universal second language, not to replace ethnic languages. This goal was widely shared among Esperanto speakers in the early decades of the movement. Later, Esperanto speakers began to see the language and the culture that had grown up around it as ends in themselves, even if Esperanto is never adopted by the United Nations or other international organizations.
Those Esperanto speakers who want to see Esperanto adopted officially or on a large scale worldwide are commonly called finvenkistoj, from fina venko, meaning "final victory", or pracelistoj, from pracelo, meaning "original goal”.
CRITICISM OF ESPERANTO
Esperanto was conceived as a language of international communication, more precisely as a universal second language. Since publication, there has been debate over whether it is possible for Esperanto to attain this position, and whether it would be an improvement for international communication if it did; Esperanto proponents have also been criticized for diverting public funds to encourage its study over more useful national languages.
Esperanto has not yet achieved the hopes of its founder to become a universal second language. Although many promoters of Esperanto stress the successes it has had, the fact remains that well over a century since its publication, the Esperanto-speaking community remains comparatively tiny with respect to the world population. In the case of the United Kingdom, for instance, Esperanto is rarely taught in schools, because it is regarded by the government as not meeting the needs of the national curriculum. Many critics see its aspirations for the role of a preponderant international auxiliary language as doomed because they believe it cannot compete with English in this regard.
The vocabulary and grammar are based on major European languages, and are not universal. Often this criticism is specific to both the grammar and the 'international' vocabulary that are difficult for many Asians, among others, and give an unfair advantage to speakers of European languages. One attempt to address this issue was with other competitor as universal language: Lojban, which draws from the six most populous languages, Arabic, Mandarin Chinese, English, Hindi, Russian, and Spanish, and whose grammar is designed for computer parsing.
The vocabulary, letters, and grammar are too dissimilar from the major Western European languages, and therefore Esperanto is not as easy as it could be for speakers of those languages to learn, even though it is much easier to learn than any other European language. Esperanto has no culture. Although it has a large international literature, Esperanto does not encapsulate a specific culture. Esperanto is culturally European. This is due to the European derivation of its vocabulary, and its semantics; both infuse the language with a European world view. Esperanto speakers often debate about whether a particular borrowing is justified or whether meaning can be expressed by deriving from or extending the meaning of existing words.
Detractors of Esperanto occasionally criticize it as "having no culture". Proponents, such as Prof. Humphrey Tonkin of the University of Hartford, observe that Esperanto is "culturally neutral by design, as it was intended to be a facilitator between cultures, not to be the carrier of any one national culture". The late Scottish Esperanto author William Auld has written extensively on the subject, arguing that Esperanto is "the expression of a common human culture, unencumbered by national frontiers. Thus it is considered a culture on its own." Others point to Esperanto's potential for strengthening a common European identity, as it combines features of several European languages.
The vocabulary is too large. Rather than deriving new words from existing roots, large numbers of new roots are adopted into the language with the intent of being internationally accommodating when in reality the language only caters to European languages. This makes the language more difficult for non-Europeans than it needs to be.A similar argument is made by many Esperanto speakers, not against the language itself but against the way it is (in their view) misused by many (mostly European) speakers; they argue that compounds or derivations should be used whenever possible, and new root words borrowed only when absolutely necessary. Esperanto asymmetry in gender formation makes it sexist. Most kin terms and titles are masculine by default and only feminine when so specified. Esperanto is, looks, or sounds artificial.
LINGUISTIC CONFLICTS THAT DEGENERATE IN WARS
War arises because of the changing relations of numerous variables: technological, psychic, social, and intellectual. There is no single cause of war. Peace is an equilibrium among many forces. Change in any particular force, trend, movement, or policy may at one time make for war, but under other conditions a similar change may make for peace. A state may at one time promote peace by armament, at another time by disarmament, at one time by insistence on its rights, at another time by a spirit conciliation. To estimate the probability of war at any time involves, therefore, an appraisal of the effect of current changes upon the complex of intergroup relationships throughout the world.
From an overall point of view, wars and international conflict are caused by opposing interests and capabilities (specific sociocultural differences where language plays an important role and similarities between the parties), significant change in the balance of powers, individual disrupted perceptions and expectations or simply a will-to-conflict.
These causes are aggravated by cognitive imbalance, status of difference, coercitive state power and sociocultural dissimilarity, whereby linguistic differences and communication misunderstandings can accentuate more the problems. The war finally can be triggered by perception of opportunity, punctual threat or injustice and surprise. The only way to inhibite that is thanks to cross-pressures, internal freedom, strength of the status quo Power and, the most important, world opinion. These points need to have a language in common to be empowered: Esperanto.
Two additional aggravating conditions of violence are the injection of honor and credibility (reputation for power) into conflict. If a leadership perceives its cultures, language or the nation's self-esteem at issue, or if it feels that the outcome of a conflict will determine how others perceive their will and capability, then the conflict is more likely to escalate, be more intense, and be more difficult to resolve.
The causes and conditions of war, therefore, operate within this social field. They are interrelated; their operation is relative to the space-time. War is therefore not the product of one cause, or x number of causes operating independently. War is a social field phenomenon, and its causes and conditions must be understood as aspects of this field--as contextual, situational.
Related to this is internal freedom--a libertarian political system--as an inhibitor of violence and war. Libertarian states do commit violence and go to war; but reluctantly, usually against totalitarian or authoritarian threats or aggression, and often with considerable domestic opposition.
Hostility, manifested in unofficial antiforeign behaviour, punishments of other cultures or languages, and tension or friction reflect a latent situation of conflict. They are not intentional state acts or actions necessarily connected to the specific situation. Indeed, hostility and tension are a matter of atmosphere and feeling, not a specific behavior. The only way to remove that pre-violent atmosphere is a better communication and understanding between the interests of all parties, and common language is quite necessary.
PROMOTION
After States actions to promote, figures can grow exponentially multiplying per 10 each 2 years. If Global agreement start on 2012, in 2022 all human being will speak and use fluently as his common language, beside their mother tongue. The Institute of Cybernetic Pedagogy at Paderborn (Germany) has compared the length of study time it takes Francophone high school students to obtain comparable 'standard' levels in Esperanto, English, German, and Italian. The results were:
2000 hours studying German = 1500 hours studying English = 1000 hours studying Italian = 150 hours studying Esperanto.
It should be noted, however, that these figures can only reflect the respective learning difficulty of these languages for native French speakers. They should be compared to figures from other countries to allow for a more general perspective on the learning difficulty of Esperanto. (French and Italian, both being Romance languages, are much more closely related to each other than French is to English or German.)
Various educators have estimated that Esperanto can be learned in anywhere from one quarter to one twentieth the amount of time required for other languages. Claude Piron, a psychologist formerly at the University of Geneva and Chinese-English-Russian-Spanish translator for the United Nations, argued that Esperanto is far more intuitive than many ethnic languages. "Esperanto relies entirely on innate reflexes and differs from all other languages in that you can always trust your natural tendency to generalize patterns. [...] The same neuropsychological law [—called by] Jean Piaget generalizing assimilation—applies to word formation as well as to grammar."
The best way can be gradually use the most common channels, promoted directly by all states.
• Hollywood movies
• word of mouth
• on the internet
• promotion inside universities/colleges
• by teaching Esperanto to teachers and childre
• presence in newspapers, magazines, tv
• in churches/groups/societies
• leaflet distribution
• simply by studying it and using it
Nowadays unification of echonomy is taking place worldwide, with exception of some communist countries. But is pending the unification in language, one language without any cultural connotation and not belonging specificly to the history of any existent culture. A language constructed with the agreement of our countries, all religions and our cultures worldwide, not only our ancient Occidental powers. We need to include Oriental, Arabic and whatever rest of Earth cultures.
• Step 1 - Global agreement to conform the Esperanto grammar
• Step 2- Start of global learning of Esperanto, through worldwide channel: Internet.
• Step 3- Esperanto becomes the official language of all Earth countries. Living together rest of languages.
• Step 4- End of Esperanto assimilation: 2 years.
With that figures, in 2015 I predict that deaths by wars will decrease 50% and human technology will have exponential faster growing, allow us to visit Mars in 2025.
The Esperant should be the common language of the Human Being.
SAMPLE
It’s all. Definitively quick to learn, easy to use and understand. Without needless grammar complexities. And as a result of whole Earth agreement.
“Un reino pequeño, de poca población, no emplearía todas sus cosas. Los habitantes temerían la muerte y no se alejarían en grandes expediciones. Aunque tuvieran barcos y carros, no los utilizarían.”
“Un regne petit, de poca població, no empraria totes les seves coses. Els habitants temerien la mort i no s’allunyarien en grans expedicions. Encara que tinguessin vaixells i carruatges, no els emprarien.”
“Malgranda regno, de malmulta losantaro, gi ne uzus ciu liajn ajo. La loganto temerien la mortita kaj ne s'forigus en grandaj ekspedicioj. Kvankam ili havis sipo kaj caro, ne ilin uzus.”
“Aunque tuvieran armas y corazas, no las mostrarían. El pueblo volvería a ocuparse de anudar cuerdas. Y encontraría sabrosa su comida, buenas sus ropas, tranquilas sus casas, alegres sus costumbres.”
“Encara que tinguessin armes i cuirasses, no les mostrarien. El poble tornaria a ocupar-se de nuar cordes. I trobaria sabrós el seu menjar, bones robes, tranquiles les seves cases, alegres les seves costums.”
“Kvankam ili havis armilojn kaj corazas, ne ilin montrus. La vilago revenus al okupi d'anudar saga. Kaj gi trovus saborosa lia mangajo, bonaj liaj stofo, trankvilaj liaj domoj, vi gajigas liajn kutimojn.“
“En dos reinos vecinos, tan cercanos que mutuamente se oirían entre sí del uno al otro los perros y los gallos, las gentes morirían muy Viejas sin haberse visitado jamás. “
“En dos regnes veïns, tan propers que mutuament se sentirien entre sí l’un a l’altre els gossos i galls, la gent moriria molt vella sense haver-s’hi conegut mai.”
“En du apudaj regnoj, tiel proksimaj ol mútuament audi inter jes de l'oni al l'alia la hundoj kaj la kokoj la gentoj mortus tre malnovaj sen esti vizitita neniam.”
Fragment LXXX (o XXX, conform a altre ordenació) de Lao Tse. Citat per Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio a "O Religión o Historia", a "Ensayos y artículos. Volumen II" (Barcelona: Edicions Destino 1992. 803 p., p. 333-334).
If we finnally achieve to promote and to use a unique language to communicate among humans, the end of the painful age will become. The age of science, peace, developing and the conquer of other worlds will raise. The future is in our hands.
ARTICLE SOURCES:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babel_tower
http://www.photius.com/rankings/languages2.html
http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/WPP.CHAP16.HTM
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population
http://www.esperanto.es/hef/index.php
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language
http://www.traductor.cc/espanol-a-esperanto/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lojban
voste per tal de marginar el català de les administracions faria oficial el suajili a catalunya!!!
ResponderEliminarai pena penita pena!!!
Democracia Nacional 0 escons al parlament
sr.serret, sembla que envïi missatges compulsivament. sàpiga que fora del tros i els butifarrèndums hi ha més vida.està una mica obsessionat amb democràcia nacional, té família allà?
ResponderEliminarBonega informo pri Esperanto. Gratulon!
ResponderEliminarAristophio Alves Filho
http://esperantomaceio.blogspot.com/
i like this site
ResponderEliminarKion pri la sep punktoj de nia Manifesto de Prago?:
ResponderEliminarhttp://lingvo.org
no facis cas al cavernícola, mira que equiparar suajili amb esperanto !!!! no es pot ser més inculte
ResponderEliminargran artículo, aunque la sociedad actual no está preparada ni le interesa entenderse
ResponderEliminarmanuel
estimat CIUrana...
ResponderEliminarel seu cap quadrat no li permet veure més enllà.
Ni soc independentista ni nacionalista. No m'agraden les persones que enganyen, como passa amb el nacionalisme espanyol que vostè tant estima.
Nomes cal repassar els seus fils, que fan vergonya aliena. Està contra la industrialització de Tarragona, contra el Corredor Mediterrani, contra la parla de catala...
ostia, si un tio de l?ABC no ho faria millor.
Deixis de bestieses, a part de criticar TOT el que es fa de Catalunya. Es capaç d'endevinar que es fa bé?
Serret
sr. Serret,
ResponderEliminarno hem quedat que jo era de Democràcia Nacional? Perquè ara diu que soc de CIU? Vosté està fet un lio, i a més no sap llegir perquè el que diu no és el que jo he escrit. És un manipulador i un intolerant de barretina, típic de l'escola d'ERC o inSolidaritat. Qui és el seu mestre? Goebbels?
Estic a favor de la industrialització contaminant repartida per tota Catalunya, no focalitzada a Tarragona (sap llegir?). Estic a favor del Corredor del Mediterrani i la Travessia Central Pirineica (de veritat s'ha llegit el fil ho s'ha cansat a la tercera línia?). Estic a favor del bilingüisme (la gent com vosté, de ment simple, no pot entendre-ho).
Apa, descansi una mica i no digui paraulotes, que l'educació no té preu.
Salut.
Goebbels??? Barretina???
ResponderEliminarLa industrialitazció es un proces natural de desevolupament de les societats, la contaminació es la conseqüencia involuntaria del fet de que hi hagi industria. Senyor meu, la contaminació no es reparteix. No hi ha conspiradors a les conselleries enfocant contaminació a Tarragona. Deixi de veure fantasmes home! A Barcelona hi ha mes contaminació que a Tarragona. El corredor químic de Tordera, la industria a Salt, la tèrmica a Cercs, deixi de plorar de mirar-se al melic. No sous els unics!
Per altra part, vostè i la seva mania en ficar-me en política. Ni soc d'ERC ni ganes. Ni tinc un affaire amb Laporta, no s'amoïni.
El tema d'infraestructures es pessim. Està amb el corredor i amb la Travesía (totalmente incompatibles), es bilingüe, ni català ni españó, ni d'aqui ni d'allà.
Com vol definir-me si no sap definir-se voste mateix?
Apa, a seguir desacreditant.
Passi molt bona nit.
serret
Les estadístiques diuen el contrari que vosté: mor estadísticament més gent de càncer a la província de Tarragona que a la de Barcelona. La indústria que menciona és minoritària en comparació amb les petroquímiques de Tarragona, que donen abast a tota Espanya.
ResponderEliminarLi agrairia que cada cop que faci comentaris millor ho faci on toca, no en aquest capítol que parla de l'Esperanto.
El corredor i la Travessia no són incompatibles, donat que un està pràcticament fet i l'altre, el que pot donar més rentabilitat futura, no, i té patrocini europeu.
Dient vosté que ser bilingüe es "no ser ni català ni españó" ja s'acaba de rematar vosté mateix... No mereix ni resposta. Mereix un quadre emmarcat a casa seva.
Salut!
Senyor Ciurana,
ResponderEliminarcom pot ser que mori més gent de cancer a Tarragona que té 800.000 habitants, que a Barcelona, que en te 5.000.000? si fos aixi vindria l'OMS, la ONU i l'Obama fins i tot. Te complexe de mèlic. Sou gent normal, no sou ELS UNICS habitants de la Terra.
Per altra part, el text del corredor te unes quantes errades gravíssimes que m'encarregaré (cal temps) de desmuntar i comprovar, ja que tècnicament es pessim
No s'amoini, tot arriva.
Serret
Per altra part, voste dona corda al "mono-bilingüisme". M'agradaria que tothom parles les dues llengües, això si parlant en castellà.
ResponderEliminarQuan dic que voste no es ni català ni español, ni llengua castellana ni catalana, ni Travessía ni corredor.
Es el clar exemple del nacionalisme espanyolista, disfressat d'ambigüitats, que tant agrada a Ciutadans, el si però no. El que passa es que al final tots vostès acaben ficant-la fins al fons als catalans que volem que ens deixeu en Pau amb les espanyes. que ens deixeu viure, que estem farts de les vostres mentides del "cafe para todos".
Almenys vostè nomès fa blocs. A València encara t'hi jugues la vida.
apa, passi bona nit.
serret
sr. Serret, el comentari de les 10:35 fiqui-ho al post que toca. Al seu partit són bastant desordenats. Està clar que jo parlava de percentatges, no de valors absoluts. Si té tantes ganes de parlar, perquè no obre un bloc, deixa d'amagar-se, dóna dades i links d'estadístiques fiables (com faig jo, de GreenPeace i d'entitats epidemològiques)?
ResponderEliminarDeixi-s'hi de tanta parauleria i comenci a donar links de dades reals. És així com li ensenyen mentir des de Solidaritat? Deixi-s'hi d'amagar covardment escrivint com anònim amb un fals pseudònim, així guanyaria una mica de credibilitat.
El que per vosté és ambigüitat, per mí és tolerància, respecte i equilibri entre cultures. Però a gent com vosté no l'interessa.
Great post and summary of the history of Esperanto.
ResponderEliminarI would like to recommend to you and your readers a new documentary.
"The Universal Language" is a new documentary from Academy Award-nominated director Sam Green (The Weather Underground). This 30-minute film traces the history of Esperanto.
http://esperantodocumentary.com/en/about-the-film
http://www.facebook.com/EsperantoDocumentary
Dankon
Pauxleto